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Compare Tromelin Island (2005) - Cape Verde (2003)

Compare Tromelin Island (2005) z Cape Verde (2003)

 Tromelin Island (2005)Cape Verde (2003)
 Tromelin IslandCape Verde
Administrative divisions - 17 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Miguel, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
Age structure - 0-14 years: 41% (male 85,254; female 83,716)


15-64 years: 52.3% (male 103,690; female 111,992)


65 years and over: 6.7% (male 10,498; female 16,987) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 9


note: 3 airports are reported to be nonoperational (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 6


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 5 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
Area total: 1 sq km


land: 1 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 4,033 sq km


land: 4,033 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background First explored by the French in 1776, the island came under the jurisdiction of Reunion in 1814. At present, it serves as a sea turtle sanctuary and is the site of an important meteorological station. The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cape Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents.
Birth rate - 26.95 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $112 million


expenditures: $198 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000)
Capital - Praia
Climate tropical temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline 3.7 km 965 km
Constitution - new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in 1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Tromelin Island


local long form: none


local short form: Ile Tromelin		 conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde


conventional short form: Cape Verde


local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde


local short form: Cabo Verde
Currency - Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Death rate - 6.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $325 million (2002)
Dependency status possession of France; administered by the Administrateur Superieur of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands -
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON


embassy: Rua Abilio m. Macedo 81, Praia


mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia


telephone: [238] 61 56 16, 61 56 17


FAX: [238] 61 13 55
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Jose BRITO


chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007


telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820


FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207


consulate(s) general: Boston
Disputes - international claimed by Mauritius none
Economic aid - recipient - $136 million (1999)
Economy - overview no economic activity This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for 72% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2001 was only 11%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2003 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption - 39.08 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 42.03 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 7 m		 lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues NA soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates - Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - NA (2002), 123.21 (2001), 115.88 (2000), 102.7 (1999), 98.16 (1998)
Executive branch - chief of state: President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president


election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note - the election was won by only twelve votes
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners - Portugal 38.5%, UK 26.4%, France 23.1%, US 8.2% (2002)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
GDP - purchasing power parity - $600 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 11%


industry: 17%


services: 72% (2001)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,400 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 15 52 S, 54 25 E 16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises) strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Highways - total: 1,100 km


paved: 858 km


unpaved: 242 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Asia destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners - Portugal 49.1%, Netherlands 7.2%, Germany 5.7% (2002)
Independence - 5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate - total: 50.5 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 55.83 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 45.01 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3% (2002)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2002)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force - NA
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (grasses; scattered bushes) (2001)		 arable land: 9.68%


permanent crops: 0.5%


other: 89.82% (1998 est.)
Languages - Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply derived from the legal system of Portugal
Legislative branch - unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 69.83 years


male: 66.53 years


female: 73.23 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 76.6%


male: 85.8%


female: 69.2% (2003 est.)
Location Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references Africa Political Map of the World
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 measured from claimed archipelagic baselines


contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,395 GRT/6,614 DWT


ships by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches - Army, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $9.3 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.6% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 95,450 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 53,842 (2003 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality - noun: Cape Verdean(s)


adjective: Cape Verdean
Natural hazards NA prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources fish salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish
Net migration rate - -12.16 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders - African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population uninhabited, except for visits by scientists (July 2005 est.) 412,137 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - 30% (2000)
Population growth rate - 0.79% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal
Radio broadcast stations - AM 0, FM 15 (and 17 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female


total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: effective system, being improved


domestic: interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which is scheduled for completion in 2003


international: 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 60,935 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 28,119 (2002)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002)
Terrain low, flat, and sandy; likely volcanic steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate - 3.77 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - 21% (2000 est.)
Waterways - none
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